The Tibetans and Han Chinese share several genetic traits and DNA. However, the EPAS1 gene, which increases the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen even in low oxygen environments, is only commonly found in the Tibetan population that live in higher elevations. Explain why this gene is only common in Tibetan populations from the perspective of competitive advantage and natural selection. Write your answer in 3 sentences.
The EPAS1 gene provides a competitive advantage to Tibetans living in high altitudes by allowing them to adapt more effectively to low oxygen environments. Natural selection favors individuals with this gene in these regions, as it improves their ability to survive and reproduce in high altitude environments. Over time, the frequency of the EPAS1 gene has increased in Tibetan populations as a result of this selective pressure.
