How the author views the Treaty of Versailles:

The author views the Treaty of Versailles as a deeply flawed and punitive document that placed the blame for World War I solely on Germany. They argue that the harsh terms of the treaty, including massive reparations payments and territorial losses, contributed to the economic hardships and political instability that ultimately led to World War II. The author believes that the Treaty of Versailles was a missed opportunity for creating a lasting peace in Europe, and instead, it sowed the seeds for future conflicts.